![]() The Novarupta eruption was the largest volcanic blast of the 20th century. The smoking vents were active for years after the eruption. The landscape, dotted with thousands of fumaroles, was created after the Jeruption of Novarupta-Katmai. The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes in Katmai National Park, circa 1922. Anak Krakatau sporadically comes to life, building a new island in the shadow of its parent. While the island that once hosted Krakatoa was completely destroyed in the eruption, new eruptions beginning in December 1927 built the Anak Krakatau ("Child of Krakatau") cone in the center of the caldera produced by the 1883 eruption. Tidal gauges more than 7,000 miles (11,000 km) away on the Arabian Peninsula even registered the increase in wave heights. The explosion also created a tsunami, whose maximum wave heights reached 140 feet (40 meters) and killed about 36,000 people. The final blast was the loudest recorded sound in history, and could be heard on 10% of Earth's surface, according NOAA. The explosive eruption of this stratovolcano, situated along a volcanic island arc at the subduction zone where the Eurasian plate meets the Indo-Australian plate, ejected huge amounts of rock, ash and pumice. The rumblings of Krakatoa (also spelled Krakatau) in the weeks and months of the summer of 1883 finally climaxed with a massive explosion on April 26 and 27. Anak Krakatau has erupted sporadically over the last century. Krakatoa, 1883 (VEI 6)Īn aerial view of the eruption of Anak Krakatau, which was formed in the aftermath of the massive 1883 blast. The 1600 cataclysm damaged the nearby cities of Arequipa and Moquengua, which only fully recovered more than a century later, according to the Smithsonian Institution. It stands along the edge of a deep canyon, and its peak doesn't have the dramatic silhouette often associated with volcanoes. Ash from the explosion buried a 20-square-mile area (50 square kilometers) to the mountain's west, which remains blanketed to this day.Īlthough Huaynaputina, in Peru, is a lofty 16,000 feet (4,850 meters), it's somewhat sneaky as volcanoes go. ![]() The summers following the 1600 eruption were some of the coldest in 500 years. The explosion sent mudflows as far as the Pacific Ocean, 75 miles (120 km) away, and appears to have affected the global climate. This peak was the site of South America's largest volcanic eruption in recorded history, in the year 1600. (Image credit: Dominic Byrne / Alamy Stock Photo) The dramatic 1600 eruption may have altered the climate for years. Huaynaputina volcano, in southern Peru, is shown in the distance, partially covered by clouds.
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